Real GMAT Exam Questions are the Best Preparation Material
Practice on 2025 LATEST GMAT Exam Updated 462 Questions
NEW QUESTION # 14
In the suburbs surrounding Middletown, there is an average of 2.4 automobiles per family, and thus very few suburban residents use public buses. The suburban communities, therefore, would derive little benefit from continuing to subsidize the portion of Middletown's public bus system that serves the suburbs.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
- A. Many suburban shops can attract enough employees to remain in business only because subsidized public transportation from Middletown is available.
- B. Public buses operated with less than a 35 percent occupancy rate produce more pollution per passenger mile than would the operation of private automobiles for each passenger.
- C. Last year voters in the suburban communities defeated by a narrow margin a bill designed to increase subsidies for public bus routes.
- D. The real-estate tax rate in Middletown is higher than it is in the suburbs.
- E. Most voters in Middletown's suburban communities are unwilling to continue subsidies for public buses next year if rider ship on those buses drops below current levels.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 15
Defense Department analysts worry that the ability of the United States to wage a prolonged war would be seriously endangered if the machine-tool manufacturing base shrinks further. Before the Defense Department publicly connected this security issue with the import quota issue, however, the machine-tool industry raised the national security issue in its petition for import quotas.
Which of the following, if true, contributes most to an explanation of the machine-tool industry's raising the issue above regarding national security?
- A. When the aircraft industries retooled, they provided a large amount of work for tool builders.
- B. The machine-tool industry encountered difficulty in obtaining governmental protection against imports on grounds other than defense.
- C. The Defense Department is only marginally concerned with the effects of foreign competition on the machine-tool industry.
- D. A few weapons important for defense consist of parts that do not require extensive machining.
- E. Several federal government programs have been designed which will enable domestic machine-tool manufacturing firms to compete successfully with foreign toolmakers.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 16
In a certain corporation, the ratio of the number of vice presidents to the number of directors is equal to the ratio of the number of directors to the number of senior-level managers. If there are 8 vice presidents and 12 directors in the corporation, what is the ratio of the number of vice presidents to the number of senior-level managers?
- A. 1:3
- B. 4:9
- C. 4:13
- D. 2:5
- E. 2:3
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 17
Correctly measuring the productivity of service workers is complex. Consider, for example, postal workers:
they are often said to be more productive if more letters are delivered per postal worker. But is this really true? What if more letters are lost or delayed per worker at the same time that more are delivered?
The objection implied above to the productivity measure described is based on doubts about the truth of which of the following statements?
- A. The number of letters delivered is relevant to measuring the productivity of postal workers.
- B. The delivery of letters is the primary activity of the postal service.
- C. Postal workers are representative of service workers in general.
- D. The quality of services rendered can appropriately be ignored in computing productivity.
- E. Productivity should be ascribed to categories of workers, not to individuals.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 18
A region in a plane is said to be convex if, for every two points in the region, the line segment joining the two points is completely contained in the region. If a sector of a circle has a central angle with degree measure m >
0, which of the following determines the set of all values of m (less than 360) for which the sector is convex?
- A. 0 < m > 90
- B. 180 m < 360
- C. 0 < m < 360
- D. 0 < m 180
- E. 90 m 180
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 19
Creating a fundamental shift in American foreign policy and establishing a "policy of containment" that framed our foreign policy as a battle between the forces of good (America and other democratic societies) and evil (the Soviet Union and other communist nations), was the 1947 Truman Doctrine.
- A. The 1947 Truman Doctrine created a fundamental shift in American foreign policy, establishing a
"policy of containment" that framed our foreign policy as a battle between the forces of good (America and other democratic societies) and evil (the Soviet Union and other communist nations). - B. Creating a fundamental shift in American foreign policy was the Truman Doctrine, which was put forth in 1947, and which established a "policy of containment" that framed our foreign policy as a battle between the forces of good (America, along with other democratic societies) and the forces of evil (the Soviet Union, along with other communist nations).
- C. Creating a fundamental shift in American foreign policy and establishing a "policy of containment" that framed our foreign policy as a battle between the forces of good (America and other democratic societies) and evil (the Soviet Union and other communist nations), was the 1947 Truman Doctrine.
- D. The 1947 Truman Doctrine created a fundamental shift in American foreign policy, establishing a
"policy of containment" that framed our foreign policy as a battle between American and other democratic societies, which it considered the forces of good, and the Soviet Union and other communist nations, which it considered the forces of evil. - E. A fundamental shift in American foreign policy was created in 1947 by the Truman Doctrine, which importantly established a "policy of containment," a policy that framed our foreign policy in terms of a battle between good and evil, with the good forces being America and other democracies and the evil forces being the Soviet Union and other communist nations.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
This version is the most active and direct, starting with the agent of action (the Truman Doctrine) and clearly and concisely stating the effects of the doctrine. Choices a and c awkwardly put the action before the subject, and choice c also breaks up the two actions, interrupting the fluency of the sentence. Choice d uses two bulky which clauses, rather than the more concise parenthetical phrases of choice b. Choice e begins with a passive construction and is both wordy and redundant.
NEW QUESTION # 20
Which of the following best completes the passage below?
"Government" does not exist as an independent entity defining policy. Instead there exists a group of democratically elected pragmatists sensitive to the electorate, who establish policies that will result in their own reelection. Therefore, if public policy is hostile to, say, environmental concerns, it is not because of governmental perversity but because elected officials believe that ______
- A. the majority of voters vote for certain politicians because of those politicians' idiosyncratic positions on policy issues
- B. environmentalists would be extremely difficult to satisfy with any policy, however environmentally sound
- C. the majority of voters do not strongly wish for a different policy
- D. environmental concerns are being accommodated as well as public funds permit
- E. the public is overly anxious about environmental deterioration
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 21
The Florida panther, known for its distinctive characteristics, including a kinked tail and cowlicks, is nearing extinction with the help of scientists and government officials. Though once abundant in Florida, by the end of the twentieth century, only approximately 30 Florida panthers remained. Efforts to preserve the panthers had focused on shielding them from human encroachment with the hope that they could develop sustainable numbers to survive as a species. However, pressure from development caused officials to grow impatient and shift their strategy and goals.
In 1995, new breeds of female panthers were brought to Florida from Texas to bolster the population. The change has been dramatic. In 1990, 88% of the panthers in Florida had the distinct kinked tail. By 2000, five years after the introduction of the Texas panthers, not a single kitten born to the Texas females had a kinked tail. The breed known as the Florida panther is now on an expedited, ineluctable road to extinction
- with the assistance of wildlife protection agencies.
If the goal was to have any kind of panther in Florida, it has been realized. Since the introduction of the Texas panthers, the panther population in Florida has risen to approximately 80 mixed-breed panthers.
However, this "success" could portend a tragic trend in wildlife management in the United States. We cannot and should not create genetically mixed species as a means of achieving a compromise between the needs of development and a species' survival. This type of species tampering is a perversion of the ideal of wildlife management and will irrevocably transform our national landscape.
The primary goal of this passage is to
- A. limit development in areas with endangered species.
- B. demonstrate the fragility of an endangered species.
- C. demonstrate the importance of effective wildlife management.
- D. argue that mixing species to ensure a species' survival is wrong.
- E. demonstrate the effectiveness of mixing species.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Although the passage does demonstrate the fragility of an endangered species (choice a) and the importance of effective wildlife management (choice b), the main goal is to argue that mixing species is the wrong way to attempt to preserve an endangered species. This is expressed clearly in the final paragraph:
"We cannot and should not create genetically mixed species as a means of achieving a compromise between the needs of development and a species' survival." The passage does show that the mixing of species was successful (choice d), but the passage criticizes this point. The author is critical of land development in areas with specific endangered species, but this is not the focus of the passage, so choice e is incorrect.
NEW QUESTION # 22
Presumed to be genetic or partially genetic in origin, about three in every 100 children are born with a severe disorder.
- A. Presumed to be genetic or partially genetic in origin, about three in every 100 children are born with a severe disorder.
- B. About three in every 100 children, presumed to be genetic or partially genetic in origin, are born with a severe disorder.
- C. Severe disorders that are presumed to be genetic or partially genetic in origin are found in about three in every 100 children who are born.
- D. About three in every 100 children are born with a severe disorder presumed to be genetic or partially genetic in origin.
- E. Born with a severe disorder presumed to be genetic or partially genetic in origin, are about three in every 100 children.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Choices a, b, and d have problems with word order. In choices a and d, the modifier presumed to be genetic or partially genetic in origin is misplaced. In b, the subject and predicate are reversed. Choice e is unnecessarily wordy and redundant.
NEW QUESTION # 23
The passage is primarily concerned with doing which of the following?
- A. Providing an example of farmers' current use of one insect to prey on another that damages their crops
- B. Citing an experiment that explains why a certain kind of organism has difficulty in locating its prey
- C. Describing an instance in which one kind of organism defends itself from predators by mimicking the behavior of another kind of organism
- D. Surveying the different mechanisms that plants adopt to defend themselves from predators
- E. Describing an instance in which one kind of organism exploits the behavior of another kind of organism in order to protect itself from a predator
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation
Parasitic wasps propagate by injecting their eggs into a caterpillar that then becomes paralyzed as the eggs inside develop into wasp larvae. The wasp larvae kill the caterpillar host as they feed on it, form cocoons, and finally develop into wasps. In attempting to discover how such wasps detect the presence of the caterpillar hosts that are so critical to the wasps' propagation, researchers have uncovered an intriguing defense mechanism developed by the plants on which the caterpillars feed.
When chewed on, many plants release volatile compounds from both damaged and undamaged tissues. When these compounds are toxic to the insects that feed on the plants, they can help defend the plants from such attacks. However, the plants on which the wasps' caterpillar hosts feed have evolved an even more complex defense: the caterpillar-infested plants appear to release volatile chemicals that attract parasitic wasps, which then prey on the caterpillars. Scientists originally suspected that the wasps were attracted by an odor, reminiscent of cut grass, that is released as the caterpillar feeds, but a recent study suggests that a different set of volatile attractants is involved. In this study, when researchers used a razor blade to mimic caterpillar damage on the leaves, only grassy odors were emitted, not the volatile compounds that attracted wasps.
However, when oral secretions from the caterpillars were applied to these damaged leaves, the leaves released the wasp attractants several hours later. Further tests revealed that oral secretions placed on the razor-damaged leaves stimulated the release of such attractants, making the plants as attractive to wasps as plants that had suffered actual caterpillar damage. These results suggest that chemicals from the caterpillar must be present for these attractants to be released and that unlike the grassy scent, which emanates only as the caterpillar on the plant, the wasp attractants are produced several hours after the attack and persist for several hours, perhaps days. Researchers have launched additional studies to determine whether the wasps' capacity to prey on caterpillars can be enhanced to the extent that the wasps could be used as a natural pesticide to "police" plants and protect them from crop-destroying caterpillars.
NEW QUESTION # 24 
(1) x= y
(2) x < 1
- A. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
- B. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient
- C. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
- D. Statement (2) ALONE Is sufficient, but statement (1) atone Is not sufficient.
- E. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 25
Psychological research indicates that college hockey and football players are more quickly moved to hostility and aggression than are college athletes in no contact sports such as swimming. But the researchers' conclusion - that contact sports encourage and teach participants to be hostile and aggressive - is untenable. The football and hockey players were probably more hostile and aggressive to start with than the swimmers.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn by the psychological researchers?
- A. The same psychological research indicated that the football and hockey players had a great respect for cooperation and team play, whereas the swimmers were most concerned with excelling as individual competitors.
- B. Throughout the United States, more incidents of fan violence occur at baseball games than occur at hockey or football games.
- C. The football and hockey players, but not the swimmers, were aware at the start of the experiment that they were being tested for aggressiveness.
- D. The research studies were designed to include no college athletes who participated in both contact and non-contact sports.
- E. The football and hockey players became more hostile and aggressive during the season and remained so during the off-season, whereas there was no increase in aggressiveness among the swimmers.
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 26
A company processes boxes that have a number of different dimensions. Based on the dimensions of the boxes, the company classifies all of them In three categories.
A, B. and C. The table Ms some examples of boxes, their Dimensions, and their classification categories.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation
NEW QUESTION # 27
It seemed that hardly any vote was cast on the Senate or House floor without some calculation as to how it might affect the midterm election.
- A. without some calculation as how
- B. without that there is some calculation as to how
- C. without there is some calculation as to how
- D. without some calculation as to how
- E. without some calculation to how
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The construction as to is idiomatic. In d and E, the use of as alone or to alone is incorrect.
NEW QUESTION # 28
A study comparing a group of chronically depressed individuals with an otherwise matched group of individuals free from depression found significantly more disorders of the immune system among the depressed group. According to the researchers, these results strongly support the hypothesis that mental states influence the body's vulnerability to infection.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the researchers' interpretation of their findings?
- A. Disorders of the immune system cause many of those individuals who have them to become chronically depressed.
- B. The researchers' view does little more than echo a familiar theme in folklore and literature.
- C. Chronically depressed individuals are no less careful than others to avoid exposure to infections.
- D. Individuals who have previously been free from depression can become depressed quite suddenly.
- E. A high frequency of infections can stem from an unusually high level of exposure rather than from any disorder of the immune system.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 29
There are any number of skilled freelancers who can develop strategy and create marketing materials with a keen eye to using proven methods, but also to developing new and innovative techniques.
- A. with a keen eye for using proven methods, and also to developing new and innovative techniques
- B. with a keen eye not only to using proven methods, but also to developing new and innovative techniques
- C. with a keen eye not only to using proven methods, and also to developing now and innovative techniques
- D. with a keen eye to using proven methods, but to developing now and innovative techniques
- E. with a keen eye to using proven methods, but also to developing new and innovative techniques
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The best answer is C.
Choice C correctly develops the parallel not only... but also...
NEW QUESTION # 30
Two positive integers, A and B, each yield the same remainder when divided by 4. Furthermore, A is less than IS. In the table, select values for A and 5that are jointly consistent with the given information. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation
Shape Description automatically generated with low confidence
NEW QUESTION # 31
The expansion of the influence of the Gregorian calendar system in non-European regions can be traced from European colonies such as India and Egypt, and the independent countries, replacing traditional calendars at least for official purposes.
- A. with
- B. and to
- C. in addition to
- D. and
- E. to
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The construction can be traced from x must be completed by to y, as in choice B.
NEW QUESTION # 32
Certain messenger molecules fight damage to the lungs from noxious air by telling the muscle cells encircling the lungs' airways to contract. This partially seals off the lungs. An asthma attack occurs when the messenger molecules are activated unnecessarily, in response to harmless things like pollen or household dust.
Which of the following, if true, points to the most serious flaw of a plan to develop a medication that would prevent asthma attacks by blocking receipt of any messages sent by the messenger molecules referred to above?
- A. Researchers do not yet know what makes one person's messenger molecules more easily activated than another's.
- B. Researchers do not yet know how the body produces the messenger molecules that trigger asthma attacks.
- C. Such a medication would be a preventative only and would be unable to alleviate an asthma attack once it had started.
- D. Such a medication would not become available for several years, because of long lead times in both development and manufacture.
- E. Such a medication would be unable to distinguish between messages triggered by pollen and household dust and messages triggered by noxious air.
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 33
Teenagers are often priced out of the labor market by the government-mandated minimum-wage level because employers cannot afford to pay that much for extra help. Therefore, if Congress institutes a subminimum wage, a new lower legal wage for teenagers, the teenage unemployment rate, which has been rising since 1960, will no longer increase.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?
- A. Since 1960 the teenage unemployment rate has risen when the minimum wage has risen.
- B. Employers often hire extra help during holiday and warm weather seasons.
- C. The teenage unemployment rate rose more quickly in the 1970's than it did in the 1960's.
- D. Since 1960 the teenage unemployment rate has risen even when the minimum wage remained constant.
- E. The teenage unemployment rate has occasionally declined in the years since 1960.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 34
Many large stone heads have been discovered in what was once Olmec territory in Mesoamerica and have facial features similar to those found among people in certain parts of Africa, but it does not necessarily suggest that the founders of Olmec civilization came directly from Africa, since many indigenous peoples of countries such as Cambodia and the Philippines have similar characteristics.
- A. That many large stone heads discovered in what was once Olmec territory in Mesoamerica have facial features similar to those found among people in certain parts of Africa
- B. Many large stone heads, having been discovered in what was once Olmec territory in Mesoamerica, and with facial features similar to those found among people in certain parts of Africa,
- C. There are facial features similar to those found among people in certain parts of Africa on many large stone heads discovered in what was once Olmec territory in Mesoamerica, but it.
- D. Facial features similar to those found among people in certain parts of Africa on many large stone heads discovered in what was once Olmec territory in Mesoamerica
- E. Many large stone heads have been discovered in what was once Olmec territory in Mesoamerica and have facial features similar to those found among people in certain parts of Africa, but it
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 35
Using art to condemn the moral shortcomings of society is nothing new. English artist William Hogarth (1697 - 1764) was renowned for prints that revealed the moral lapses of eighteenth-century England.
Despite the fact that Hogarth enjoyed the patronage of England's wealthier citizens, he did not shrink away from producing scathing depictions of all levels of English society.
In the ten-print series Industry and Idleness, Hogarth presents two apprentices who begin working side by side only to arrive at vastly different ends. The first apprentice is portrayed as a morally incorruptible, diligent worker. He is promoted, marries his boss's daughter, and achieves great distinction and financial success. The other apprentice does little work and engages in many unsavory activities. He is fired from his apprenticeship and continues down a path of illicit behavior and corruption. The series comes to a climax when the two former coworkers are reunited with the industrious apprentice - now elevated to alderman - standing in judgment of the idle coworker brought before him for murder. The idle apprentice is sentenced to death and executed, whereas the industrious apprentice goes on to become Lord Mayor of London. Among Hogarth's most popular series was The Rake's Progress, which tells the story of wealthy Tom Rakewell. In the first of eight prints, Tom inherits a large sum of money that he foolishly spends on enhancing his image and prestige in superficial ways. His prodigal ways lead to his rapid decline as he is arrested for debt and in return marries an old maid for her money. He begins gambling, is imprisoned, and eventually goes insane in Bedlam. Tom's descent and desperate outcome, like many of Hogarth's subjects, is tied directly to moral corruption and poor self-discipline. It is interesting that Hogarth's prints were extremely popular in his day. Whatever the moral shortcomings of eighteenth-century England, its citizens welcomed Hogarth's social critiques and harsh judgments.
The passage suggests that Hogarth's work is important because
- A. Hogarth developed the technique of story-telling through prints.
- B. it demonstrates that art is an important medium for social change.
- C. it reveals the hardships of life in eighteenth-century England.
- D. Hogarth defied authorities and convention by depicting the life of common criminals.
- E. it provides a critical view of the moral shortcomings of Hogarth's society.
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The second sentence provides the answer: Hogarth "was renowned for prints that revealed the moral lapses of eighteenth-century England." The passage does not indicate that Hogarth was the first to tell stories through prints (choice a) or that he defied authorities by portraying particular subjects in his prints (choice b). His prints may have often revealed the hardships of life in his time (choice c), but the example of The Rake's Progress also shows that he dealt with the life of the privileged who often did not have to experience those hardships. The passage says that Hogarth pointed out problems in his society, but nothing indicates that his work inspired change in his society (choice e).
NEW QUESTION # 36
Parasitic wasps propagate by injecting their eggs into a caterpillar that then becomes paralyzed as the eggs inside develop into wasp larvae. The wasp larvae kill the caterpillar host as they feed on it, form cocoons, and finally develop into wasps. In attempting to discover how such wasps detect the presence of the caterpillar hosts that are so critical to the wasps' propagation, researchers have uncovered an intriguing defense mechanism developed by the plants on which the caterpillars feed.
When chewed on, many plants release volatile compounds from both damaged and undamaged tissues. When these compounds are toxic to the insects that feed on the plants, they can help defend the plants from such attacks. However, the plants on which the wasps' caterpillar hosts feed have evolved an even more complex defense: the caterpillar-infested plants appear to release volatile chemicals that attract parasitic wasps, which then prey on the caterpillars. Scientists originally suspected that the wasps were attracted by an odor, reminiscent of cut grass, that is released as the caterpillar feeds, but a recent study suggests that a different set of volatile attractants is involved. In this study, when researchers used a razor blade to mimic caterpillar damage on the leaves, only grassy odors were emitted, not the volatile compounds that attracted wasps.
However, when oral secretions from the caterpillars were applied to these damaged leaves, the leaves released the wasp attractants several hours later. Further tests revealed that oral secretions placed on the razor-damaged leaves stimulated the release of such attractants, making the plants as attractive to wasps as plants that had suffered actual caterpillar damage. These results suggest that chemicals from the caterpillar must be present for these attractants to be released and that unlike the grassy scent, which emanates only as the caterpillar feeds on the plant, the wasp attractants are produced several hours after the attack and persist for several hours, perhaps days. Researchers have launched additional studies to determine whether the wasps' capacity to prey on caterpillars can be enhanced to the extent that the wasps could be used as a natural pesticide to "police" plants and protect them from crop-destroying caterpillars.
The author implies that if, in the experiment described in the second paragraph, the parasitic wasps had been drawn to the plants after they had been damaged by a razor blade but without application of oral secretions from the caterpillar, then scientists would likely have concluded which of the following?
Wasps are attracted to the plants by the grassy odor released as the caterpillars feed on the plants' leaves.
- A. Wasps are attracted to the plants by volatile compounds released by the caterpillars as they digest the plant leaves that they consume.
- B. Wasps are attracted to the plants by volatile compounds released several hours after the caterpillars first begin consuming the plants' leaves.
- C. Wasps are more attracted to plants that have been infested by large numbers of caterpillars than to plants infested by relatively few caterpillars.
- D. Wasps are attracted to the plants by volatile compounds released by the caterpillars rather than by odors created by the damage the caterpillars inflict on the plants' leaves.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 37
......
Authentic GMAT Exam Dumps PDF - May-2025 Updated: https://examcollection.vcetorrent.com/GMAT-valid-vce-torrent.html